As a result of changes in relative prices and in total spending, the two processes of inflation and deflation cause definite and characteristic changes in the distribution of income among economic classes.这句中从cause definite 开始到结尾该如何翻译？
Unforeseen inflation tends to favour debtors and profit receivers at the expense of creditors and fixed-income receivers.这里profit receivers、fixed-income receivers怎么理解？
Suppose, for example, you lend $1,000 today and are paid back on year from now. 这里的on year 怎么翻译？
If in the meantime prices have doubled, then your debtor will be paying back only one-half as much real purchasing power as your gave him. 这句中从one-half 到结尾如何翻译？
Likewise,a hoarder who earns no interest on the money she keeps hidden finds the real value of her wealth increasing every day as prices fall.If prices fall at the rate of 10 percent a year, she is being rewarded for her antisocial act of hoarding at a 10 percent rate of interest in real terms.这句如何理解？
Modern research suggests that the greatest redistribution of income resulting from inflation is from older people to younger people. 这句如何理解？
非常感谢您的回答.

Suppose, for example, you lend $1,000 today and are paid back on year from now. 这里的“on year”应该是印错了，正确的原文应该是“one year”。“one year from now”便是一年之后。翻译：比如，假设你今天借出一千块，人家一年之后才还给的。

If in the meantime prices have doubled, then your debtor will be paying back only one-half as much real purchasing power as your gave him. 这句中从one-half 是什么意思？“假如现在物价涨了一倍，那当初借了你钱的人现在所还给你的，只不过是你当初借给他[的钱]的购买力的一半。”

Likewise,a hoarder who earns no interest on the money she keeps hidden finds the real value of her wealth increasing every day as prices fall.If prices fall at the rate of 10 percent a year, she is being rewarded for her antisocial act of hoarding at a 10 percent rate of interest in real terms.这句如何理解？
同样地，当物价下降时，一名囤积者把现金收藏起来虽然挣不到利息，但却会发现自己的财富天天在上涨。假如物价是以每年百分之十的速度下降，她这种违背社会广大利益的囤积行为却为她带来了等同百分之十利息的受益。

Modern research suggests that the greatest redistribution of income resulting from inflation is from older people to younger people. 这句如何理解？
近代的研究提出，通货膨胀所带来最大的收入从新分配，可能是从老年人转到年轻人身上。