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It is becoming increasingly recognized that education is a process which continues throughout adult life. The scope of adult and continuing education has widened in recent years and now included, in addition to the development of the individual through cultural, physical and craft pursuits, such subjects as basic education: education for disadvantaged groups and those with special needs such as ethnic minorities or the disabled; consumer education; health education; and preretirement (退休前) education. Continuing education includes training for those in employment, to enable them to keep pace with technological change. The British government has taken a number of recent initiatives to improve opportunities for both adult and continuing education. In 1982 it launched a Professional, Industrial and Commercial Updating Programmer, designed to help colleges and universities to meet the need to up-date and broaden the skills of those in mid-career in industry, commerce and the professions. A three-year programmer to encourage the expansion of educational opportunities for the adult unemployed was launched in 1984.
Apart from provision for mature students at universities, courses are provided by further education colleges, adult education centers, residential colleges, the Open Universities and various other bodies including a number of voluntary organizations. Most of the provision is made by the local education authorities in a wide variety of establishments, including schools used for adult evening classes and community schools which provide educational, social and cultural opportunities for the wider community. Most courses are part-time. Local authorities also maintain or aid many courses lasting between a weekend and a fortnight. Long-term residential colleges, grant-aided (受补助的) by central government departments, provide courses of one or two years and aim to provided a liberal education without academic entry tests. Most students admitted are entitled to full maintenance grants.

解答:

教育是一个贯穿整个成人一生的过程,这个看法正得到日益广泛的认可。近年来,成入教育和继续教育涵盖的范围得以扩展,现在,除了包括文化,物理学以及手工艺等个人发展的科目外,还包括包括基本教育科目:对弱势群体的教育以及那些有特殊需要的少数民族或者残疾人群体的教育;消费者(或市场)教育;健康教育;还有退休前教育。

继续教育包括为那些已就业的人提供的教育,以使他们跟得上技术革新的步伐。英国政府最近就成人和继续教育已经采取了一系列主动措施。在1982年,政府就启动了一个面向专业,工业和商业的更新计划,用来帮助学院和大学达到时代需求并拓展那些工商业和专业领域的职业中期人士的技能。一个用来激励成人失业人员拓宽就业路子的3年制培训计划开办于1984年。

除了大学能给成人学生提供所需课程之外,这些课程也可由远程教育学院,成人教育中心,住宿学院,(采用电视、广播、函授进行教学的)开放大学,以及各种包含大量的非官方组织的其它的教育实体来提供。绝大多数科目的由当地的教育权威部门在各种各样的教育机构推行:包括成人夜校和能为更广大的社区提供教育,社交以及文化机会的社区学院。多数的课程不是全日制的。当地权威部门也会努力维持并资助许多长短介于1到两周的课程。受中央政府部门扶植的长学制住宿学院能开设1到2年的课程,目的是为了使求学者不需要入学考试就能自由接受教育。 许多学生有资格获得包括全额生活费的助学金。