问题: 不明白的问题
until,unless
We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake u_____ it was pointed out to him.
我填了until,老师说是unless,until为什么不可以呢?请解释一下这个句子,并且说明如果用until又没有语法错误。
解答:
until 意思为“直到”,既可以作介词,后面接表示时间点的名词词组或介宾短语,又可以作从属连词,引导时间状语从句或与非谓语动词词组(通常为分词)搭配。注意:not until与瞬时性动词连用时与before的联系与区别。
unless 解释为“除非”,=if not,只能作连词,引导条件状语从句或与非谓语动词词组(通常为分词)搭配。注意:if not可以用于含虚拟语气的非真实条件状语从句,而unless则不能。
我相信你对以上问题应该已经有所了解,我在此只不过先做过系统总结。那么,两者的区别到底是什么?以下说的只是我做学生在大量语法习题的时候的经验总结,不是语法书上的规范性内容。一家之言,仅供参考。
通过上述总结,事实上两个单词的区别已初露端倪,下面加以扩大与强调。until引导的是时间状语从句,也就是说,如果你看到从句内容强调的是时间上的先后顺序,那么until是较佳选择。另一方面,unless引导的是条件状语,换句话说,在从句要说明主句动词不发生的条件时,则应当选unless。当然注意两者在词性上以及某些特殊用法(如not until强调句和倒装句)本身就有区别,这可能就是做题的线索。
例句会帮助你更好理解:
I waited until three o'clock, but he didn't come.
The noise of the street didn't stip until midnight.
The secret was never told until after the old man's death.
He lived with his parents until he graduated from college.
He practised shooting until he was tired out.
The children won't go home until it is dark.
I jog every day, unless bad weather stops me.
He doesn't look like a policeman unless (he is) in uniform.
You'll fail unless you work harder.
Come at 8 o'clock unless I phone you.
你不如把上述例句中的until与unless进行互换,你不觉得多少有些别扭吗?其实,你提的这个问题已不是英语语法问题,而多多少少是一个语文问题了,需要体会与品味。
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